Nov 20,1942 - Present
THE 46TH PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES
1809 British, Portuguese, and colonial Brazilian forces began the Invasion of Cayenne during the Napoleonic Wars.
1809 The Battle of La Coruña emerged as a crucial moment in the Peninsular War when British forces achieved a remarkable victory over the French.
1809 The Territory of Illinois was created by the 10th United States Congress.
1809 London's Drury Lane Theatre burns to the ground, leaving its owner, Irish writer and politician Richard Brinsley Sheridan, destitute.
1809 Action of 27 February 1809: Captain Bernard Dubourdieu captures HMS Proserpine.
1809 In the Coup of 1809, Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden was dethroned, altering the course of Swedish history during the Napoleonic era.
1809 The Battle of Ciudad Real took place on March 27, 1809, during the Peninsular War. It was a significant engagement where a combined Franco-Polish force emerged victorious, defeating the Spanish forces in a pivotal moment of the conflict.
1809 The Peninsular War witnessed a turning point as France emerged victorious over Spain in the Battle of Medellín, reshaping the course of history on the Iberian Peninsula.
1809 A seismic political shift occurs as King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden abdicates his throne in the wake of a coup d'état. The Diet of Porvoo witnesses Finland's Estates pledging allegiance to Alexander I of Russia, initiating the Grand Duchy of Finland's separation from Sweden.
1809 The Battle of the Basque Roads unfolds, marked by Admiral Lord Gambier's inability to support Captain Lord Cochrane fully. This engagement results in a British victory over the French fleet, albeit incomplete.
1809 A day of conflict unfolds as an Austrian corps meets defeat at the hands of the forces of the Duchy of Warsaw in the Battle of Raszyn, while another Austrian main army faces a fierce challenge from a First French Empire Corps under the leadership of Louis-Nicolas Davout at the Battle of Teugen-Hausen in Bavaria, resulting in a comprehensive victory for the French.
1809 Napoleon's strategic triumph at the Battle of Eckmühl marked a pivotal moment in the Napoleonic Wars, shaping the course of European history.
1809 The Battle of Eckmühl, fought on April 22, 1809, witnessed the Austrian army's defeat by Napoleon's First French Empire forces, a pivotal event that reshaped the political landscape of Europe during the Napoleonic era.
1809 Mary Kies pioneers women's innovation, securing the first U.S. patent for her straw and silk weaving technique.
1809 In 1809, Emperor Napoleon I's order to annex the Papal States to the French Empire marked a significant stride in his quest to reshape Europe during the Napoleonic era.
1809 The Battle of Aspern-Essling commenced during the Napoleonic era, with the Austrian army defending the Danube against Napoleon's forces.
1809 On the battlefield near Vienna, Austria, the Battle of Aspern-Essling reached its climax, as Napoleon I experienced his first repulsion by enemy forces, a momentous event in European history.
1809 The Chuquisaca Revolution sparks a fervent patriot uprising in Chuquisaca (modern-day Sucre), as the flame of independence against the Spanish Empire ignites, marking the onset of Latin American wars.
1809 The Battle of Wagram, a thunderous clash between the formidable French and Austrian Empires, erupted, marking a significant moment in the turbulent era of the Napoleonic Wars.
1809 The second day of the Battle of Wagram, the largest battle of the Napoleonic Wars, witnessed France's triumph over the Austrian army, reshaping the European landscape.
1809 The Battle of Talavera during the Peninsular War witnessed the British, Portuguese, and Spanish forces, led by Sir Arthur Wellesley, defeating a formidable French army commanded by Joseph Bonaparte.
1809 The Senate of Finland is formally established within the Grand Duchy of Finland, following the official adoption of the Statute of the Government Council by Tsar Alexander I of Russia, ushering in a new era for Finnish governance.
1809 Peace was established between Sweden and Russia in the Finnish War on September 17, 1809, with the territory that would become Finland ceded to Russia by the Treaty of Fredrikshamn. This event shaped Finland's destiny.
1809 London's Royal Opera House opens its doors, ushering in an era of cultural enrichment and world-class performances that continue to captivate audiences.
1809 A dramatic duel on Putney Heath: Lord Castlereagh wounds George Canning in a duel during a tense period in British politics.
1809 In the Bay of Bengal, French frigates' victory over British East Indiamen during the Napoleonic Wars marks a pivotal naval engagement.
1809 Theodore Hook's audacious Berners Street hoax unfolds, captivating Westminster, London, and leaving an indelible mark on the annals of British prank history.
1809 Dr. Ephraim McDowell's groundbreaking ovariotomy, removing a massive 22-pound tumor, advances the field of surgery.
1809 The War of the Fifth Coalition ignites as Austrian forces invade Bavaria, a significant chapter in the Napoleonic Wars.
1809 The city of La Paz, situated in what would become Bolivia, boldly proclaims its independence from the Spanish Crown during the La Paz revolution, giving birth to the Junta Tuitiva—the first independent government in Spanish America. Pedro Domingo Murillo leads this audacious endeavor, leaving an indelible mark on the tapestry of liberation in the Americas.
1809 Napoleon's military prowess was on full display as he led the First French Empire to victory, defeating two Austrian army corps at the Battle of Abensberg.
